Does China control the lithium-ion battery supply chain?
In a recent study, researchers from Fraunhofer FFB and the University of Münster analyzed the ownership structures and geopolitical dependencies along this supply chain. The result: China controls almost the entire value chain of lithium-ion batteries - from the extraction of raw materials to the production of the batteries.
Is China a threat to Europe's Lithium-ion battery industry?
“This dependency makes Europe vulnerable. Geopolitical tensions or export stops could lead to massive economic damage and losses running into billions,” warns Lux. The study by the Münster researchers shows that China dominates the entire lithium-ion battery value chain - from raw materials to production, worldwide.
Which countries dominate the lithium-ion battery supply chain?
The study by the Münster researchers shows that China dominates the entire lithium-ion battery value chain - from raw materials to production, worldwide. Similar to China, Europe, and the USA are also intensifying their efforts to gain greater control over the lithium-ion battery supply chain by acquiring mines and refineries.
Where are lithium batteries made?
Source: JRC analysis. The supply 1 of each processed raw material and components for batteries is currently controlled by an oligopoly industry, which is highly concentrated in China. Although China is expected to continue holding a dominant position, geographic diversification will increase on the supply side, mostly for refined lithium.
How much battery material does China Import & Export?
China imported almost 12 million short tons of raw and processed battery minerals, accounting for 44% of interregional trade, and exported almost 11 million short tons of battery materials, packs, and components, or 58% of interregional trade in , according to regional UN Comtrade data.
Which country produces the most lithium ion batteries?
The results show China's supremacy: the country dominates almost the entire value chain of lithium-ion batteries - from raw material extraction to battery production - and controls both national and international production capacities. The only exception is manganese.
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RMIS
Batteries: Global Demand, Supply, and ForesightDemandSupplyEU Production and Diversification of SupplyEnhancing The Circularity of The Value ChainReferences The global demand for raw materials for batteries such as nickel, graphite and lithium is projected to increase in by 20, 19 and 14 times, respectively, compared to .China will continue to be the major supplier of battery-grade raw materials over , even though global supply of these materials will be increasingly diversified.Possible supply shortages will remain. In the short to medium-term, deficits are expected for The global demand for raw materials for batteries such as nickel, graphite and lithium is projected to increase in by 20, 19 and 14 times, respectively, compared to .China will continue to be the major supplier of battery-grade raw materials over , even though global supply of these materials will be increasingly diversified.Possible supply shortages will remain. In the short to medium-term, deficits are expected for lithium in -, whereas the global supply/demand market balance will be tight for nickel (by 2029By , the EU domestic production of battery cells is expected to cover EU’s consumption needs for electric vehicles and energy storage. However, it is likely that the EU will be import reliant tSee moreNew content will be added above the current area of focus upon selectionSee more on rmis.jrc.ec.europa.euThe Hague Centre for Strategic Studies[PDF]
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